Total points possible= 100 pts. The number of points for each question is shown.  There are 38 questions on this exam.

 

Multiple Choice  (2 pts each)

 

1)  Which of these is a correct representation of the hierarchical organization of life

 from least to most complex?

A) hydrogen, water, heart muscle cell, nucleus, heart muscle tissue, heart, human

B) water, hydrogen, nucleus, heart muscle cell, heart muscle tissue, heart, human

C) hydrogen, water, nucleus, heart muscle cell, heart muscle tissue, heart, human

D) nucleus, hydrogen, water, heart muscle cell, heart, heart muscle tissue, human

E) hydrogen, water, nucleus, heart muscle cell, heart, heart muscle tissue, human

 

2)  Which of the following is reflective of the phrase "the whole is greater than the sum of its parts"?

A) emergent properties

B) reductionism

C) the cell theory

D) evolution

E) homeostasis

 

3)  Which of the following utilize DNA as their genetic material?

A) archaea

B) eukaryotes

C) prokaryotes

D) A and C only

E) A, B, and C

 

4)  Once labor begins in childbirth, contractions increase in intensity and frequency until delivery.  Therefore, the increasing labor  contractions of childbirth are an example of

A) positive feedback.

B) a feedforward mechanism.

C) negative feedback.

D) feedback inhibition.

E) both C and D.

 

5)  What are the two classifications of prokaryotes?

A) Domain Bacteria and Kingdom Monera

B) Domain Bacteria and Domain Archaea

C) Domain Bacteria and Domain Eukarya

D) Domain Eukarya and Domain Archaea

E) Domain Archaea and Kingdom Monera

 

6)  A rose bush is classified into Domain __________ and Kingdom __________.

A) Eukarya ... Plantae

B) Eukarya .... Protista

C) Bacteria ... Archaea

D) Eukarya ... Fungi

E) Eukarya ... Animalia

 

7)  How are most unicellular eukaryotes classified?

A) Monera B)  Eukarya C)  Archaea D)  Protista E)  Bacteria

 

8)  Natural selection

A) does not require genetic variation.

B) does not require inheritance.

C) is not descent with modification.

D) requires a small population size.

E) is differential reproductive success.

 

 

9)  Each element is unique and different from other elements because of its

A) atomic weight.

B) atomic number.

C) mass number.

D) Only A and B are correct.

E) A, B, and C are correct.

 

10)  How does one refer to an atomic form of an element containing the same number of protons but a different number of neutrons?

A) isotope

B) radioactive

C) isomer

D) ion

E) polar atom

 

11)  How many electrons would be expected in the outermost electron shell of an atom with atomic number 17?

A) 17 B)  2 C)  5 D)  8 E)  7

 

12)  A covalent chemical bond is one in which

A) outer-shell electrons of one atom are transferred to the inner electron shells of another atom.

B) protons or neutrons are shared by two atoms so as to satisfy the requirements of both.

C) the inner-shell electrons of one atom are transferred to the outer shell of another atom.

D) electrons are removed from one atom and transferred to another atom so that the two atoms become oppositely charged.

E) outer-shell electrons are shared by two atoms so as to satisfactorily fill the outer electron shells of both.

 

13)  The ionic bond of sodium chloride is formed when

A) sodium and chlorine both lose electrons from their outer valence shells.

B) chlorine gains an electron from sodium.

C) sodium and chlorine share an electron pair.

D) sodium gains an electron from chlorine.

E) chlorine gains a proton from sodium.

 

14)  When two atoms are equally electronegative, they will interact to form

A) ions.

B) polar covalent bonds.

C) equal numbers of isotopes.

D) ionic bonds.

E) nonpolar covalent bonds.

 

 

15)  What is the maximum number of hydrogen bonds a water molecule can form with neighboring water molecules?

A) two B)  one C)  three D)  five E)  four

 

16)  Which bonds must be broken for water to vaporize?

A) polar covalent bonds

B) hydrogen bonds

C) nonpolar covalent bonds

D) ionic bonds

E) Both C and D are correct.

 

17)  One mole (mol) of a substance is equal to

A) 6.02 x  10 to power of (23) molecules of the substance.

B) the largest amount of the substance that can be dissolved in 1 L of solution.

C) Answers A and D are correct.

D) the molecular weight of the substance expressed in grams. One mol of glucose is equivalent   to 180 g of glucose.

E) 1 g of the substance dissolved in 1 L of solution.

 

 

 

18)  Assume that acid rain has lowered the pH of a particular lake to pH 5.0. What is the hydroxide ion concentration of this lake?

A) 1 x  10 to power of (-9) mol of hydroxide ion per liter of lake water

B) 5.0 M with regard to hydroxide ion concentration

C) 9.0 M with regard to hydroxide ion concentration

D) 1 x  10 to power of (-5) mol of hydroxide ion per liter of lake water

E) Both B and D are correct.

 

19)  Which property of the carbon atom gives it compatibility with a greater number of different elements than any other type of atom?

A) Carbon has six to eight neutrons.

B) Carbon forms ionic bonds.

C) Carbon has a valence of 4.

D) Only A and C are correct.

E) A, B, and C are correct.

 

20) The reactivity of an atom is due to

  1. The number of electrons in the outer shell
  2. The number of neutrons in the nucleus
  3. The number of unpaired electrons in the outer shell
  4. The number of  electrons in the outer shell
  5. The number of electrons in  a given atom

 

Fill in the blank.

 

21. (5 pts) List five common functional groups found in carbon-based molecules

a.________phosphate___________

b._________hydroxyl__________

c.____________carbonyl_______

d. _________amine__________

e. __________shufhydryl_________

 

22. (3 pts) Life has been classified into three domains. List these domains.

a. ______Eukarya______________

b. ______Bacteria___________

c. ______Achaea______________

 

 

23. (2 pts) List the four atoms most common in living creatures.

            a. _____N_______

            b. _____C_______

            c. ______O_______

            d. ______H_______

 

 

24. (4 pts) Name the components of the amino acid shown below

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

25. (4 pts) Label each amino acid with one of the following terms: acidic, basic, polar, nonpolar


            acidic                           polar                    nonpolar                    basic 

26. (4 pts)  Match the description with the type of protein structure

 

A. Primary        B. quaternary    C. secondary   D. Tertiary       

 

_____B_____  - the aggregation of two or more proteins

 

_____A.______- the amino acid sequence

 

______C_____- hydrogen bonding along the polypeptide backbone

 

______D_____- interactions between R group side chains in the polypeptide

 

 27. (3 pts) List three factors that can cause a protein to denature.

            a. _____temperature, pH, salt concentration

            b. ____________________

            c. ____________________

 

 

28. (15 pts) Place the appropriate letter next to the description given.

 

List of terms

A. hydrophobic            B. fats              C. solvent         D. dehydration reaction

E. hydrolysis                 F glycogen        G. cellulose       H. glycosidic linkage

I. chitin             J. glycerol         K. fat               L. hydrocarbon

M.unsaturated  fat         N. solute          O.hydrophilic    P.triacylglyceride

 

_____B____ Contains glycerol and fatty acids

 

_____J____ A three carbon molecule with a hydroxyl group attached to each

                       

_____L____ Consists of only carbon and hydrogen atoms

 

_____A.____ A term meaning “water-repelling”

 

_____O___ A term meaning “ water loving”

 

_____C____ The dissolving agent in a solution

 

 _____N____The agent being dissolved in a solution

 

______G____A carbohydrate storage polymer in plants

 

_____F_____A carbohydrate storage polymer in animals

 

______H____The name given to the bond between sugar monomers

 

______P____Three fatty acids joined to a glycerol molecule

 

______I____A carbohydrate used to form  the exosketeton of insects

 

______D____The generation of macromolecular polymers

 

______E____The degradation of macromolecular polymers

 

_______M___Contains one or more double-bonded carbons

 

 

True/False:  Circle the correct answer (2 pts each, total 20 pts)

 

29.    T    F    32 P and 33P are referred to as isomers because they differ in the number of protons.

 

30.    T    F     The electron shell next to the nucleus has the highest potential energy

 

31.    T   F     The valence of 8O (oxygen) is 4.

 

32.    T   F    Water has polar covalent bonds between atoms

 

33.    T    F   Ionic bonds tend to share electrons in order to complete their valence shells

 

34.    T    F   The formula O2 is an example of a structural formula.

 

35.    T    F   Chemical reactions are described in terms of  reactants and products

 

36.    T    F   Evaporative cooling refers to the cooling of the atmosphere as water evaporates.

 

37.    T    F   Saturated fats tend to be associated with cardiovascular disease.  

 

38.    T    F   Phospholipids consist of two fatty acids, glycerol and a phosphate group.